Smoke & CO Detectors for Tenants in Spain
If you are a tenant in Spain, knowing how smoke and carbon monoxide detectors work and who must maintain them is essential for your safety and rights. This article explains in practical terms what obligations the landlord has and what responsibilities the tenant may assume, how to check that devices work, maintenance guidelines and what to do if there are faults or imminent risk. We also indicate timelines, useful documentation and steps to claim repairs or request official assistance. The information is based on common practice and official references to help you make safe decisions and communicate with your landlord clearly.
Are detectors mandatory and who is responsible?
Generally, tenancy regulations and maintenance obligations require the dwelling to meet basic habitability standards; that implies that installations necessary for safety cannot be in poor condition. Check the scope of obligations in applicable Spanish law.[1][2]
Who usually pays for installation and repairs
- The landlord is usually responsible for fixed installations necessary for habitability.
- The tenant may cover the cost of batteries or portable detectors unless the contract states otherwise.
- Document any repair requests in writing and keep receipts and communications.
Checks and maintenance
- Check batteries and press the device test at least once a month.
- Call a technician or inform the landlord if there are faults or intermittent alarms.
- Keep photos, dates and any proof of repair or device replacement.
What to do if there is a fault or alarm
If you find faults, act quickly: reduce immediate risk, inform the landlord and document the incident. If the situation poses imminent danger, prioritize your safety and call emergency services. If the landlord does not address the repair within a reasonable time, keep evidence and request repair in writing; in serious cases you may consider civil action.[1]
Frequently asked questions
- Who is obliged to install detectors?
- Typically the landlord must guarantee the habitability of the property; installation of fixed safety equipment usually falls to the landlord, unless agreed otherwise.
- Can I replace a detector if it fails?
- You can change batteries or portable devices, but for faults in fixed installations it is appropriate to notify the landlord in writing and request repair.
- What evidence should I keep?
- Receipts, photos of the fault, written communications and any technical report that proves the incident.
How to
- Check batteries and press the detector test at least once a month.
- Notify the landlord of the fault in writing and keep a copy of the communication.
- Document the incident with photos, dates and receipts for any intervention.
- If there is no response and the risk persists, consider claiming through the civil courts at the Court of First Instance.
Key takeaways
- Maintaining habitability is typically the landlord's obligation unless agreed otherwise.
- Perform regular checks and keep maintenance records.
